To gather relevant publications, we searched several databases such as PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane, and Science Direct, using specific MESH terms and keywords such as cigarette smoking, air pollution, particulate matter, gaseous air pollutants, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension. To ensure the quality of the studies, we applied PECOS criteria that focused on the population (i.e., adults chronically exposed to outdoor air pollutants), comparator (unexposed persons), result (all-cause mortality and cardiovascular diseases), and study design (experimental and epidemiological studies, intervention studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews published in peer-reviewed journals in English)
The reviews looked at how e-cigarettes affect different aspects of health: General health: One high-quality review and another of low-quality looked at the impact of e-cigarettes on various aspects of health (inflammation, immune response, oral health, lung function, lung health, and cardiovascular disease)
Therefore, a more pragmatic approach, that obtains both scientific and regulatory consensus, has to be developed
This setup created an almost sacred setting, which intensified the focus on Greg and his commanding presence
Archived from the original on October 12, 2012
